web.release.config => web.config will apply web.release.config to web.config and update the file.
xdt\web.release.config => config\web.config => web.config will apply xdt\web.release.config to config\web.config and save the result in web.config.
Wildcard support
*.release.config => *.config will apply all {filename}.release.config files to {filename}.config and update the file.
*.release.config => config\*.config => c:\tmp\*.config will apply all {filename}.release.config files to config\{filename}.config and save the result in c:\tmp\{filename}.config.
Transform pattern must start with *
Transform file search is recursive
Relative paths for source pattern and output pattern are relative to the transform file path.
Tips
You can use the XDT transform task to inject tokens in your XML based configuration files configured for local development and then use the Replace Tokens task to replace those tokens with variable values:
create an XDT transformation file containing your tokens
setup your configuration file with local developement values
at deployment time
inject your tokens in the configuration file by using your transformation file
replace tokens in your updated configuration file
Debug
You can set the variable system.debug to true to enable the debug logging on the task to help you investigate unexpected behavior of the task.
If you cannot fix your issue, open an issue on the github repo and i'll help you :)