Use shortcut alt+ctrl+` to launch an inner terminal whose current working directory is the directory in where your open focus file stay. As we all know, by default in VSCode, ctrl+` can toggle the inner terminal and this is unchanged. That's to say, by adding an alt, we make a candy for the inner terminal in VSCode.
Open Command Palette in VSCode and find Terminal In Place command to execute.
If your open focus file stays in an existing directory, the terminal would cd to that directory automatically. Otherwise(the Welcome Page of VSCode just lays in an inexistent or a temporary directory), a standard inner terminal would be created.